Seal

Definition:

A heraldic or symbolic seal is an emblem or insignia used primarily for authentication and to signify authority, ownership, or identity. These seals often incorporate coats of arms, crests, or other symbolic designs that represent families, organizations, institutions, or individuals.

Etymology:

The word “seal” in Middle English was spelled as “seel” or “sele” and referred to a stamp or a signet used to authenticate documents. The term comes from the Old French word “seel,” which also meant a seal or a signet. The Old French word itself derived from the Latin word “sigillum,” which is a diminutive form of “signum,” meaning “sign.” Thus, “sigillum” essentially means “a little sign.” Going further back, “signum” comes from the Proto-Indo-European root “*sekw-,” which means “to follow.” This root is related to the concept of a mark or sign that follows something or indicates something to follow, such as a signature or a symbol.

Description:

The use of seals dates back to ancient times, but they became particularly prominent in medieval Europe. They were used by monarchs, nobles, and clergy to authenticate documents, decrees, and correspondence.

Before widespread literacy and standardized documentation, seals served as a secure method to verify the authenticity and integrity of documents. The unique design of each seal ensured that the document had not been tampered with and confirmed the sender’s identity.

Traditionally, seals were made by pressing a signet ring or stamp into hot wax, which was then allowed to harden on the document. The wax was often colored (red or black) and sometimes infused with scents or other materials. In some cases, seals were embossed directly onto paper or parchment using a metal stamp, creating a raised design without the use of wax. Today, seals can be created using various materials and techniques, including ink stamps, embossed foil, and digital imprints.

Symbolism:

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